Abstract: Based on process simulations of prefractionator, atmospheric distillation unit (CDU), and vacuum distillation unit (VDU) for crude oil using Aspen Plus software, some key parameters including temperature and flow rate of each distillation unit, and distillation range of the side products of VDU were obtained, and the results calculated from Aspen Plus were in consistent with the data collected from the factory. Flow rate profiles of vapor and liquid and temperature profiles of three distillation units were analyzed, and related parameters were optimized using sensitivity analysis tools in Aspen Plus. The diesel yield of CDU was increased by 0.22% and duty of CDU reduced 6.3%, the light oil yield of VDU increased by 0.18% and duty of VDU reduced 11.2% after optimization.

Key words: crude oil, atmospheric vacuum distillation, process simulation, sensitivity analysis, optimization

摘要： 根据某原油常减压蒸馏装置的工艺流程，采用Aspen Plus软件对装置的初馏塔、常压塔和减压塔进行流程模拟计算，获得了各产品的温度、流量等关键参数及减压塔侧线产品的馏程曲线，并与实际数据对比，二者吻合良好. 分析了塔板温度和气液相流量沿塔板的分布，运用灵敏度分析工具对相关参数进行优化，优化后常压塔柴油收率可增加0.22 t/h，常压塔热负荷降低6.3%，减压塔轻油收率上升0.18%，减压塔热负荷降低11.2%.

关键词: 原油, 常减压蒸馏, 流程模拟, 灵敏度分析, 优化