Abstract: Based on analogy principle, vortex and slag entrapment in a 60 t steel ladle were studied during casting by water model experiments. The effects of initial liquid level, nozzle diameter, nozzle position and slag on critical height of vortex were investigated. The results show that the critical height of vortex will rise with increasing of nozzle diameter, but descend with increasing of eccentricity ratio of nozzle position, initial liquid level has little effect on it, slag inhibits the formation and development of vortex to some extent, but the effect of the thickness of slag layer on critical height of vortex is not obvious. The relationship between critical height of vortex (h) during casting and nozzle diameter of ladle (d), position of nozzle (e) is expressed as h=65.276+1.427d-76.778e.

Key words: ladle, casting process, vortex, critical height, hydraulics simulation

摘要： 依据相似原理，通过水模拟实验，对某钢厂60 t钢包浇注过程中钢水旋涡产生及卷渣过程进行研究，考察了初始液面高度、水口直径、水口偏心率和渣层对产生旋涡临界高度的影响. 结果表明，产生旋涡的临界高度随水口直径增大而增大，随水口偏心率增大而减小，初始液面高度对产生旋涡的临界高度影响不大，渣层在一定程度上可抑制旋涡的产生和发展，但其厚度对旋涡没有明显影响. 得到了钢包浇注过程中产生旋涡的临界高度h与钢包浇注水口直径d及水口偏心率e之间的关系式h=65.276+1.427d-76.778e.

关键词: 钢包, 浇注过程, 旋涡, 临界高度, 水力学模拟