Solid dispersion was combined with microencapsulation technique to prepare composite taste-masking microcapsules of enrofloxacin for animals. Then, optimal preparation conditions of microcapsules were determined by a single factor and orthogonal experiments based on simulated oral release, drug loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency. Relevant properties of the composite microcapsules prepared with optimal methods were investigated. The results indicated that the optimized formulation conditions included 15 g/L sodium alginate solution, 1.0 mm aperture of adding needle, 100 g/L CaCl2 and 10 min curing time. The prepared composite microcapsules had a good appearance. The drug loading, encapsulation efficiency and average particle diameter of the prepared microcapsules were 20.3%, 89.8%, and 273.67 mm respectively. The release rate of microcapsule in the simulated oral fluid in 30 s was less than pigs' bitterness threshold to enroflloxacin. Therefore the composite microcapsules had a good taste masking effect.