Taking a 3200 m3 actual blast furnace as research object, a two-dimensional steady mathematical model related with gas flow and heat transfer in blast furnace is established, and on the basis of configuration of scaffoldings with 4 different height locations, the distances from the center of scaffolding to model bottom are 8.4, 10, 12 and 15 m, respectively, the effects of scaffolding position distribution on gas flow and heat transfer between gas and burden are numerically examined. The results show that to some extent, with the increase of scaffolding height location, top height of the formed cohesive zone decreases, root height increases, and total height of cohesive zone decrease with 9.85, 9.25, 8.36 and 6.92 m respectively, leading to the decrease of coke slit layer number and deterioration of cohesive zone in permeability. Meanwhile, total pressure drop in blast furnace increases with 171, 174, 179 and 192 kPa in turn at the section line of radial distance 4 m. And the central gas proportion decreases compared with peripheral gas, while the temperature difference between central gas and peripheral gas decreases with 742, 549, 429 and 318 K in turn at the section line of height 8 m.