Five ion-exchange resin was tested for adsorption of vanadium and chromium, and their adsorption capacities and adsorption rates towards vanadium and chromium were compared. Some effecting factors such as pH value, contact time, temperature and initial concentration of vanadium on separating chromium and vanadium by anion resin were investigated. The results showed that the SQ-20A resin has strong adsorption capacity for vanadium while has weak adsorption capacity for chromium, the maximum separation factor have reached 251.23 on the conditions of pH=9.0 and temperature 298 K. The adsorption of vanadium on the SQ-20A resin was an endothermic process, and the adsorption isotherm fitted to the Langmuir and Frendlich models simultaneously. The adsorption kinetics follwed the Pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption rate was mainly controlled by particle diffusion. The static adsorption experiments showed that the SQ-20A resin has good selective adsorption capacity for vanadium, which could meet the demands of separating chromium and vanadium.