Due to the high inherent risk of the highly hazardous substances, it is very easy to cause heavy casualties and property losses from combusting, explosion, and poisoning accidents if the managements for the highly hazardous substances are not strict or the treatments are improper. Therefore, many laws and regulations relating to the highly hazardous substances have been established by different countries, which formed different supervisory systems of the highly hazardous substances. Accordingly, the management categories of the highly hazardous substances are different in different countries. Among many countries in the world, the United States has established a complete chemical management system with relatively complete laws and regulations. Although the chemical management system has been established in China, the management relating to the highly hazardous substances is still imperfect and has some defects. To study the management category of the highly hazardous substances of China and explore the defects of the management category and propose suggestions to make improvements of the management of the highly hazardous substances, the laws, regulations and standards relating to the highly hazardous substances management of the United States and China have been researched, and the similarities and differences between the management categories of highly hazardous substances of the United States and China have been compared by the statistical analysis. The range, threshold quantities and hierarchical management methods of the highly hazardous substances have been studied. The results showed that the open management category combining the highly hazardous substances list and hazardous characteristics bringed the more comprehensive substances scope of the highly hazardous substances, the threshold quantities of hierarchical management formulated scientifically for different substances and hazardous characteristics provided the more feasible management category of the highly hazardous substances, and the hierarchical management based on hierarchical threshold quantities was more conducive to the rational allocation of safety supervision resources in China.
Yue GAO Fei HUANG Peng LI Jinmei ZHANG Aolin LIU
. Comparison and revelation of management category for highly hazardous substances of the United States and China[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering, 2018
, 18(S1)
: 35
-42
.
DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.20180092
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