Application of phosphorus-doped sunflower disk-based activated carbon in anode materials of lithium ion batteries

Xianjun XING  Jianhua LIU  Wenquan WANG  Zeyu CHEN  Yixuan FU

doi:10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.218220

The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering >

2019 , Vol. 19 >Issue 2: 434 - 439

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.218220

Environment & Energy

Application of phosphorus-doped sunflower disk-based activated carbon in anode materials of lithium ion batteries

Xianjun XING Jianhua LIU Wenquan WANG Zeyu CHEN Yixuan FU

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1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China 2. Institute of Advanced Energy Technology & Equipment, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China 3. School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China 4. National City Energy Measurement Center (Anhui), Hefei, Anhui 230051, China

Received date: 2018-06-04

Revised date: 2018-08-17

Online published: 2019-04-18

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Abstract

Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have progressively attracted researchers in recent years because of their environmental friendliness and adequate resources. In order to take full advantages of the active carbon in nature, the cheapest and most efficient negative electrode material for lithium ion battery is in great need. Because sunflower was fully-infected compositae, the sunflower disk had a more stable nanostructure than other biochars. Moreover, the sunflower dish is not only rich in nitrogen and oxygen element, but also widely distributed in the world. In this work, P-doped activation carbon composites were prepared to achieve excellent electrochemical performance in rechargeable LIBs. Phosphorus-injected biomass activated carbon was prepared with simple hydrothermal and calcine methods. The characteristics of activated carbon were then tested with field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman spectrometer, Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), etc. When these products were applied in lithium ion battery anode materials, the electrodes achieved high energy density and Coulombic efficiency, and cycling stability simultaneously. When the battery cycling at the current density of 500 mA/g, the elementary charge capacity reached to 1052 mAh/g, with the Coulombic efficiency of 48.9%. After 200 cycles, the capacity still maintained 1000 mAh/g or more. However, activated carbon capacity of the contrast sample without phosphoric acid activation can only be maintained at 300 mAh/g, which was similar to ordinary carbon materials. Hence, the preparation method of the P-doped biomass resulting in activated carbon was simpleness, and the raw material was low cost and environmentally friendly. Most importantly, the electrode potential of the material was low, and the discharge platform remained stable, which was of great research value in the lithium ion battery in a commercial application.

Key words： P-doped; Li-ion batteries; Negative electrode material; Activated carbon; Sunflower disk

Cite this article

Xianjun XING Jianhua LIU Wenquan WANG Zeyu CHEN Yixuan FU . Application of phosphorus-doped sunflower disk-based activated carbon in anode materials of lithium ion batteries[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering, 2019 , 19(2) : 434 -439 . DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.218220

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