The treatment of laterite ore by pressure leaching using nitric acid medium was studied. The nitric acid pressure leaching of nickel laterite was feasible based on series experiments for valuable components of initial concentration of nitric acid, leaching temperature, leaching duration, and liquid to solid ratio of the process. More than 85% Ni and Co, 80% Mg, over 60% Al and less than 1% Fe were extracted, and iron slag including 55% Fe was produced followed by optimal conditions of leaching temperature of 190℃, leaching duration of 60 min, initial concentration of nitric acid of 330 kg/t and liquid to solid ratio ranged from 1.5:1 to 1.7:1 mL/ g. Then Fe, Al and Ni, Co in the leaching solution were separated and enriched further, by the step of replenishing MgO. When the temperature was 85℃ and the pH was around 3.0, 95% Fe was removed. Then with controlled pH among 4.0~4.3, more than 99% Al was removed and more than 90% Sc was in the slag with Al which contained nearly 1000 g/t Sc. With increased pH among 7.5~8.0, Ni and Co were precipitated completely to produce hydroxide Ni, Co slag including 24.8% Ni and 2.3% Co. The residual Mg(NO3)2 solution was first evaporated and then thermal decomposed at 500℃ to obtain MgO. The nitrogen oxide gas generated by thermal decomposition was recovered to regenerate HNO3. The efficiency of recycled HNO3 was more than 92% in the atmospheric pressure.
Chengyan WANG Zhihe CAO Baozhong MA Yongqiang CHEN
. Nitric acid pressure leaching of laterite ores[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering, 2019
, 19(S1)
: 51
-57
.
DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219136
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