Burning bituminous coal, anthracite or semicoke in traditional domestic coal-fired stoves generally suffers from low thermal efficiency and large pollutant emissions, thus causing serious environmental problems. Decoupling combustion technology invented by the Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences combines the advantages of both traditional updraft and downdraft combustion modes, which can be used to suppress the emissions of multiple pollutants simultaneously and realize high-efficiency heating and cooking. In this work, in order to clarify the adaptability of domestic decoupling stoves to various civil coal fuels, the pollutant emissions and cooking power of a tested domestic decoupling stove were experimentally investigated by burning several kinds of civil coal fuels such as bituminous lump coal, anthracite lump coal, lump semicoke and bituminous briquettes. Further, the characteristic size of bituminous briquettes was optimized according to the pollutant emissions and cooking power of the tested domestic decoupling stove. The experimental results indicated that the decoupling combustion could facilitate the simultaneous suppression of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions because of the unique stove structure and draft type, as well as the reduction of sulfur oxide (SO2) and particulate matter (PM) by using clean briquettes from bituminous coal as the fuels. Briquette size had significant effects on the pollutant emissions of domestic decoupling stoves. If burning bituminous briquettes with optimized sizes in domestic decoupling stoves, the average NO, SO2, CO and PM emission concentrations at the baseline oxygen content of 9vol% were lower than 190, 300, 380 and 30 mg/m3 respectively, and the cooking power was high up to 1.65 kW.