In the process of ore drawing in high pass, a strong impact airflow will be formed, which will cause dust diffusion and serious underground environmental pollution. The effective treatment of the pollution has always been the focus of underground ventilation and dust removal. In this work, the diffusion law and distribution characteristics of dust in the process of ore pass drawing are explored by means of the combination of similar experiment and numerical simulation. By changing the experimental conditions of ore drawing quality, ore particle size, chute sealing degree, water content and other factors, the air flow size and dust concentration distribution under different conditions were researched. The CFD-DPM coupling method was used to simulate the gas?solid two-phase flow in the process of ore unloading, and the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of gas flow and dust concentration were studied. The results showed that the maximum dust concentration and wind speed increased with the increase of ore drawing quality, and decreased with the increase of particle size and airtight degree of ore pass. The higher the water content was, the smaller the dust concentration was, but the wind speed had no obvious changed. Moreover, the key factor affecting dust concentration was water content, followed by the airtight degree of ore pass, ore drawing quality and ore particle size. In the process of ore drawing, the collision between ore particles played a dominant role, and the particle flow presented a transverse distribution.