In order to explore the influence of different factors on the dust-cleaning performance of the new structure microporous membrane filter plate used in the rotary pulse-jet cleaning microporous membrane dust collector, the CFD method was used to simulate the flow field of pulse-jet cleaning, and the accuracy of the numerical calculation model was verified by comparing with the experimental data in the literature. On this basis, the influence of pulse-jet pressure, pulse-jet distance, diameter ratio of the end to the inlet of the injection pipe, nozzle diameter, and length of filter plate on the average peak pressure of the wall surface of the new structure filter plate were studied, and the law of the change of the side pressure of filter plate with the pulse-jet time was explored. At the same time, a five-factor three-level orthogonal test was designed, and the average peak pressure of the filter plate was used as the design index to analyze and obtain the best pulse-jet cleaning system parameters. The results showed that the average peak pressure of the filter plate can be increased by increasing the pulse-jet pressure, the nozzle diameter and reducing the diameter ratio of the end to the inlet of the injection pipe, which was beneficial to improve the dust-cleaning performance of the new structure microporous membrane filter plate. The pulse-jet distance had little effect on the average peak pressure of the filter plate wall, but increasing the pulse-jet distance can effectively reduce the size of the negative pressure at the top of the filter plate, the reduction of the negative pressure on the top of the filter plate was beneficial to increase the service life of the microporous membrane filter plate. The side pressure of the filter plate changed with the pulse-jet time, making the filter plate at different times. The pressure distribution of the side wall was different. With the increase of the length of the filter plate, it had a negative impact on the dust-cleaning effect of the middle and lower part of the new structure microporous membrane filter plate.