It is very important to develop a clean treatment for Chinese medicine residue. In this study, Chinese medicine residue pyrolysis characteristics were investigated by pyrolysis in lab-scale fixed bed with thermo-gravimetric analyzer. The influence of moisture content and pyrolysis temperature on products distribution and their components and characteristics, as well as the distribution rule of N element in gas phase, liquid phase and solid phase were studied in detail. The results showed that the Chinese medicine residue used in this study was completely pyrolyzed in 650~850℃. Increasing the temperature in this range was beneficial to the pyrolysis process and improved the pyrolysis efficiency and the quality of combustible gas. Decreasing the nitrogen content in gas product and pyrolysis char while the content in pyrolysis oil increased. Reducing the moisture content can improve the pyrolysis efficiency. It caused the content of nitrogen compounds in the pyrolysis oil increased and promotes the migration of nitrogen elements to the liquid phase. During the drying of traditional Chinese medicine residues, the content of alkali metals was reduced, which affected the composition of pyrolysis oil. Increasing the pyrolysis rate can also affect the pyrolysis product composition and nitrogen distribution to a certain extent. This study could provide a theoretical basis for the development of pyrolysis technology of Chinese medicinal residues.