Calcium alginate (CA) nitrifying bacterial gel spheres with uniform particle size were drop-produced by the embedding method, and the effect of different concentrations of NaCl on the diffusion and mass transfer properties and mechanical strength of CA nitrifying bacterial gel spheres was investigated using the controlled variable method. The temperature-sensitive material N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and the pH-sensitive material acrylic acid (AA) were combined onto the surface of NaCl-modified CA nitrifying bacteria gel spheres by stepwise polymerisation to form a temperature/pH-responsive layer on the surface of the spheres. A new type of temperature/pH dual response nitrifying bacterial gel spheres was prepared. NH4+?N was used as an indicator to investigate the ammonia nitrogen removal performance of nitrobacterial gel spheres and their sensitivity to temperature and pH under different preparation conditions, and the prepared temperature/pH dual response nitrifying bacterial gel spheres were applied to the actual nitrogen removal treatment of wastewater. The results showed that the CA nitrifying bacterial gel spheres modified with a concentration of 0.3% NaCl solution had the best diffusive mass transfer performance. The best ammonia removal performance of temperature/pH dual response nitrifying bacterial gel spheres was achieved at 200 mg of NIPAAm and 4 mg of MBA in 15 mL of temperature?response solution and at 200 mg of AA and 4 mg of MBA in 10 mL of pH?response solution. When the temperature was as low as 4℃, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate could reach 29.45%, when the pH was 9, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate could still reach 35.48%. Temperature/pH dual response nitrifying bacterial gel spheres have good temperature and pH sensitivity, and also have good effect on the removal of ammonia nitrogen in the actual wastewater, which is conducive to improve the nitrification effect of nitrifying bacteria under low temperature and alkaline conditions.