In the current context of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, the steel industry is under tremendous pressure to reduce carbon emissions in the long term, which is a major emitter of CO2. Therefore, developing electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking with lower carbon emissions will be an effective measure for the steel industry to achieve carbon emission reduction. However, although the carbon emission of EAF steelmaking is greatly lower than that of the traditional "Blast furnace-Converter" long-process steelmaking, it still needs to use a large number of coal resources to meet the smelting requirements. Therefore, using a suitable carbon source to replace coal as a carburizing and foaming agent in EAF steelmaking is of great significance to further reduce carbon emissions from EAF steelmaking. Biomass resources as the only renewable carbon source will be the first choice of alternative carbon sources. In this work, a series of studies on the application of biomass in EAF steelmaking conducted by domestic and international scholars had been introduced and the existing research results were also presented. On this basis, the future research direction of biomass application in domestic EAF steelmaking was prospected.