Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality are important measures taken by China to shoulder its responsibility as a major country in addressing climate issues and promote ecological progress and high-quality development. High carbon emissions are a key factor limiting the steel industry's ability to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. In order to achieve the goal of low-carbon development, on the one hand, breakthrough low-carbon metallurgical processes should be developed and applied, or enough high-quality scrap resources be supplied. On the other hand, the merits of existing blast furnace process, i.e., mature, high efficiency, high quality and low cost, etc., will be brought to full play to. And combining with the condition of iron ore resources, making full use of pellets' excellent metallurgical performance, low energy consumption and low emissions advantages of the production, developing blast furnace optimized burden structure and the related operation system by using high percentage of pellets, the best energy consumption and carbon emissions in the system level will be achieved. The overall competitiveness of existing processes will be improved. Significant progresses have been made in the research, development and application of technologies related to the use of high proportion of pellets in blast furnace at home and abroad. In China, some enterprises have certain resource advantages, and a large number of preliminary studies have been carried out. The future development will have a positive effect on China's steel industry to achieve the goal of low carbon emission.