High-efficiency gas purification technology offers dual environmental benefits. It effectively improves air quality, contributes to energy conservation and carbon reduction goals, and protects downstream processing units. As enterprises increasingly prioritize energy efficiency, wet flue gas purification methods are facing growing challenges. These methods are marked by high energy consumption and potential secondary pollution risks. In contrast, dry gas purification technologies are emerging as critical areas for development. They are more energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Moving bed filters are recognized as key technologies in dry flue gas purification. They are valued for their high efficiency and low energy consumption in high-temperature gas purification. This review focuses on the application of moving bed filtration technology in high-temperature gas purification. It systematically summarizes the technology's recent research progress and engineering practices. First, the basic structures of moving bed filters are classified. Their applicable scenarios are also introduced. Next, an in-depth analysis is conducted on the filtration mechanisms and characteristics of various types. These include co-current, counter-current, cross flow, and hybrid systems. Additionally, the practical value of moving bed filters in industrial applications is discussed. The economic and environmental benefits which they bring in real industrial scenarios are elaborated. Finally, emerging application potentials and recommended research priorities are outlined. It provides insights and directions for the technology's further development.