The distribution of particle packing in fixed beds, influenced by wall effects, has been extensively researched, however, the impact of this distribution on heat transfer characteristics has been less studied. This study aims to investigate the specific effects of wall effects on heat transfer properties by utilizing discrete element method simulation to analyze the radial voidage distribution, particle coordination number, and the contact conditions between particles and the wall within the fixed bed. These data are then applied to Eulerian simulations to investigate their impact on the bed's heat transfer performance. The discrete element method simulation results reveal that wall effects significantly influence the radial voidage distribution and particle coordination number within the fixed bed. Notably, only about 10% of the particles in the layer adjacent to the wall are in direct contact with it, a finding that is crucial for understanding the heat transfer mechanism. The Eulerian simulation study indicates that wall effects have a significant impact on the rate of temperature rise within a range of one particle diameter from the wall. However, under the current parameter settings, the radial voidage distribution and particle coordination number have a relatively minor impact on the bed's temperature increase rate. By accounting for the thermal resistance in the near-wall region or by adjusting the model to reflect the particle-wall contact ratio, a more accurate prediction of the bed's temperature increase can be made, thereby improving the understanding of the heat transfer process in fixed beds subject to wall effects. Compared to the thermal resistance model, incorporating the contact ratio between the wall and adjacent particles not only maintains calculation accuracy but also improves computational efficiency. This approach is crucial for the heat transfer simulation of industrial-scale fixed beds and can provide important guidance and assistance for the design and optimization of industrial-scale reactors.