采用海藻酸钠和3种生物质载体(稻壳、玉米芯、秸秆)固定化的硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)处理单一重金属(700 mg/L Fe2+, 75 mg/L Cu2+, 120 mg/L Pb2+, 80 mg/L Cd2+)废水，筛选出稻壳为效果较优的固定化载体，并对合成重金属废水(含400 mg/L Fe2+, 30 mg/L Cu2+, 50 mg/L Pb2+, 40 mg/L Cd2+)的处理效果作了进一步研究. 结果表明，稻壳固定化SRB去除单一重金属时，Fe2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+去除率分别为99%, 100%, 100%, 100%；处理合成重金属废水时，4种重金属去除率分别为98.06%, 100%, 99.35%, 100%.

In order to improve the treatment efficiency of heavy metal wastewater, SRB immobilized on sodium alginate and three kinds of biomass-immobilization carriers (rice chaff, corn cob, straw) was used to treat single heavy metal (700 mg/L Fe2+, 75 mg/L Cu2+, 120 mg/L Pb2+, 80 mg/L Cd2+) wastewater, rice chaff was screened as the best immobilization carrier. In addition, the treatment effect of simulated heavy metal wastewater (containing 400 mg/L Fe2+, 30 mg/L Cu2+, 50 mg/L Pb2+, 40 mg/L Cd2+) was further studied. The results showed that the removal rates of heavy metals were 99%, 100%, 100%, 100%, respectively, as removing single heavy metal by SRB immobilized on rice chaff. The removal rates of Fe2+, Cu2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ in simulated heavy metal wastewater were 98.06%, 100%, 99.35% and 100%, respectively.