采用原位掺杂聚合法制备聚苯胺/CuO纳米复合粒子，对其进行了表征，考察了其催化性能和抗菌性能. 结果表明，聚苯胺在CuO表面包覆，得到棒状核-壳结构的聚苯胺/纳米CuO复合粒子，其具有良好的催化性能，能加速H2O2分解，累积产气1500 mL；随CuO含量增加，复合粒子电导率明显下降，导电性能逐渐减弱，纳米CuO含量为0.6 g时，导电能力很弱，电导率为0.02 S/cm. 随CuO含量增加，复合粒子抗菌性能逐渐增强，金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌圈直径分别达35.8和19.6 mm.

The polyaniline (PANI)/CuO nanocomposite particles were synthesized by in situ polymerization, and characterized in structure and morphology. The result indicated that nanometer CuO particles were successfully coated by polyaniline on their surface, and PANI/CuO composite nanoparticles with rod-shaped core-shell structure obtained. Nano CuO had a good catalytic performance and could speed up the decomposition of H2O2, the accumulation of gas volume eventually reached 1500 mL. Conductivity of PANI/CuO nanocomposite particles decreased obviously and the performance on electrical conductivity of composite nanoparticles gradually declined and reduced to 0.02 S/cm, when the content of nano CuO was 0.6 g. PANI/CuO nanocomposite particles had good antibacterial properties, the maximal antibacterial diameters of staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli reached up to 35.8 and 19.6 mm.