采用索氏提取法提取水浸预处理后的五味子中的木脂素，考察了虹吸次数、液固比、颗粒粒径及乙醇浓度对萃取率的影响，采用响应面法进行优化. 结果表明，五味子醇甲的最佳提取条件为：乙醇浓度98.05%(j)，液固比67.20 mL/g，颗粒平均粒度0.33 mm，该条件下理论萃取率为80.90%，实际萃取率为77.17%；五味子甲素的最佳提取条件为：乙醇浓度96.38%(j)，液固比72.52 mL/g，颗粒平均粒度0.21 mm，该条件下五味子甲素理论萃取率为77.11%，实际萃取率为74.31%；五味子乙素的提取最佳条件为：乙醇浓度96.38%(j)，液固比72.52 mL/g，颗粒平均粒度0.21 mm，该条件下理论萃取率为77.13%，实际萃取率为74.23%. 各因素对木脂素提取率影响的显著性顺序为乙醇浓度>液固比>颗粒粒径.

Extraction of lignans, such as schisandrin, deoxyschizandrin and schisandrin B, from water leaching pretreated solution of schisandra fruit with Soxhlet method was studied. The effects of siphonic number, ratio of liquid to solid, particle size and ethanol concentration on their extraction rate were examined and optimized with the response surface experiments. The results showed that the optimum conditions of schisandrin extraction were the ethanol concentration of 98.05%(j), ratio of liquid to solid of 67.20 mL/g and average particle size of 0.33 mm, the extraction rate of 80.90% was obtained under the above conditions, and the extraction rate from experiment 77.17%. For deoxyschizandrin, the optimum conditions were the ethanol concentration of 96.38%(j), ratio of liquid to solid of 72.52 mL/g and average particle size of 0.21 mm, the extraction rate of 77.11% was obtained under the above conditions, and the extraction rate from experiment 74.31%. For schisandrin B, the optimum conditions of extraction were the ethanol concentration of 96.38%(j), ratio of liquid to solid of 72.52 mL/g and average particle size of 0.21 mm, its extraction rate was 77.13% under the above conditions, and the extraction rate from experiment 74.23%. Meanwhile, the influential significance of the factors on the extraction rate of lignans was ethanol concentration > ratio of liquid to solid > particle size.