用不同粒径的壳聚糖季铵盐凝胶微球及其与白油的混合乳液吸附新城疫及禽流感灭活抗原，评价其对新流二联灭活疫苗的免疫增强效果. 结果表明，吸附时间2 h、微球浓度2 mg/mL、微球粒径1 ?m为吸附新流二联灭活抗原的最佳条件，抗原吸附率达90%. 免疫SPF鸡后，壳聚糖季铵盐微球及混合乳液均能显著提高新城疫及禽流感病毒特异性抗体效价，且混合乳液组显著优于微球组. 与白油佐剂相比，壳聚糖季铵盐微球及混合乳液均能显著增强细胞免疫，淋巴细胞增殖水平为纯抗原组的1.5倍，具有用作禽类疫苗佐剂的巨大潜力.

Aiming to enhance the immune efficacy of the combined vaccine against newcastle disease and avian influenza, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium) propyl] chitosan chloride (HTCC) hydrogel microspheres and the blending emulsion of oil with microspheres (MPs) were investigated as vaccine adjuvants. After optimization, the maximized antigen absorption efficiency reached 90% when the antigens were incubated with 2 mg/mL microspheres with the size of 1 ?m for 2 h. In vivo experiments indicated that both the microspheres and blending emulsion significantly enhance the antigen specific HI titers. In detail, the blending emulsion group was superior to the microspheres in the enhancement of HI titers. Most importantly, both the microspheres and blending emulsion could induce robust and long-term cellular immune responses compared to oil adjuvant, and the proliferation levels of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were 1.5 folds to that of the soluble antigen group. These results suggested that the HTCC hydrogel microspheres and blending emulsion would be promising adjuvants for poultry vaccine.