采用真空蒸馏法从锡锌合金粉中分离锡和锌，考察了还原剂、蒸馏温度、蒸馏时间对锡、锌直收率的影响. 结果表明，采用活性炭作还原剂，在蒸馏温度1373 K、蒸馏时间30 min、原料质量100 g、活性炭6 g的条件下，锡和锌的直收率分别为82.40%和83.62%，残留物中锡纯度为99.31%，挥发物中锌纯度为99.58%. 真空条件下，锡富集在液相残留物中，锌富集在气相挥发物中. 锡锌合金粉中SnO2与ZnO反应，产物为锡酸锌. 真空条件下还原SnO2和ZnO比标准状态下更具优越性.
Effects of reducing agent, distillation temperature and distillation time on recycling tin and zinc from Sn?Zn alloy powders were investigated by using a vacuum distillation method. The results demonstrated that the direct yield of tin and zinc can respectively reach to 82.40% and 83.62%, the purity of tin in the residue was 99.31% and the purity of zinc in volatile was 99.58% after using activated carbon as reducing agent under the optimized conditions with distillation temperature of 1373 K, distillation time of 30 min, 100 g raw material and 6 g activated carbon. Under vacuum condition, zinc and tin enriched in gas phase and liquid phase, respectively. Tin oxide and zinc oxide reacted in the Sn?Zn alloy, and the zinc stannate was the product, the reduction of tin oxide and zinc oxide were superior under vacuum conditions than that under standard state.
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