选用价格低廉的生物质猪肝为原料，采用两步热解法和碳负载法制备M?N/C型非贵金属催化剂，考察了热处理温度、混合气体比例及前驱体对催化剂结构和电催化性能的影响. 结果表明，热处理温度为1000℃、氮气与氨气体积比为7:3的条件下，二次热解所得催化剂氧还原电催化性能最好. 氨气中二次热解改变了催化剂的表面形貌和物相结构，有利于产生更高含量的吡啶型氮，增强了催化剂在碱性溶液中的氧还原电催化活性. 黑珍珠2000 (BP2000)虽然能显著提高一次热解催化剂的活性，但由于其在氨气中的反应活性不如热解猪肝所得碳材，在氨气二次热解中对催化剂活性反而有不利影响.

The non-precious metal catalyst was prepared by two-step pyrolysis method and carbon-supported method from the very cheap biomass, pork liver, as the raw material. The influences of the heat-treatment temperature, the ratio of mixed gase and precursor on the catalytic activity were investigated. The results showed that the catalyst, which was prepared at 1000℃ and the volume ratio of N2:NH3 was 7:3, exhibited remarkably excellent electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The two-step pyrolysis under NH3 has changed the surface morphology and crystal phase structure of the as-prepared catalyst, which assisted to obtain the high percentage of pyridinic-N. It has enhanced the electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction in the alkaline environment. Alought Black Pearls 2000 (BP2000) could improved the performance of one-step pyrolysis catalyst, its reactivity under NH3 was not good as that of carbon-supported from pork liver, causing an adverse impact on the performance of two-step pyrolysis catalyst.