考察了表面活性剂的亲水疏水平衡值(HLB)及添加量对色浆中炭黑润湿、分散及稳定性的影响，借助等效润湿接触角法、润湿热法、分散函数、稳定函数法和理想化模型法等对色浆体系稳定性进行了评价，并对稳定机理进行了分析. 结果表明，无论是引入单一型表面活性剂还是复配型表面活性剂，只有当体系的HLB值与炭黑的HLB值接近时，才能达到良好的润湿、分散与稳定效果；复配表面活性剂对炭黑分散效果优于单一型表面活性剂；阴离子与非离子表面活性剂复配的分散效果明显优于非离子与非离子表面活性剂复配；添加5.0wt%表面活性剂时体系分散稳定性最佳；基于吸附层理论与结合力理论较好地解释了表面活性剂存在最佳HLB值和添加量的原因.
The influences of the hydrophilic hydrophobic equilibrium value (HLB) and the amount of surfactant on wettability, dispersivity and stability of carbon black in color paste were investigated. By means of equivalent wetting contact angle, wetting heat, constructing the dispersion function and stable function, setting up the ideal model and so on, the paste stability of the color paste were evaluated. In the meantime, the stability mechanism was analyzed. The results showed that whether added single or complex surfactant, the HLB value was close to the carbon black HLB that good wetting, dispersing and stabilizing effect can be achieved. The dispersion stability of using complex surfactant was better than using single surfactant. In addition, adding anionic and nonionic surfactants had a better dispersion than adding non-ionic and nonionic surfactant. When the amount of surfactant achieved to 5.0wt%, the dispersion stability of the system was the best. The theories of adsorption layer and binding force can explain the phenomenon of the best addition and the best HLB value preferably.
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