以曝气生物滤池载体表面的生物膜为研究对象，通过镜检、磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)测定、高通量454测序等手段研究了生物膜降解含氮有机物和微囊藻毒素-亮氨酸(MC-LR)的微生物特征. 结果表明，低碳源的微污染水源中水生物膜的微生物群落极为丰富，形成了由好氧细菌组成的微生物群落，运行前2周有6大门类17大种属，3?4周增加到14大门类43大种属，还有线虫、草履虫、水蚤等原生动物；优势菌属有球衣菌属Sphaerotilus (2.41%?24.58%)、气单胞属Aeromonas (4.16%?12.59%)、黄杆菌属Cloacibacterium (1.85%?12.39%)、水杆菌属Aquabacterium (1.53%?6.76%)、噬氢菌属Hydrogenophaga (1.12%?5.9%)、嗜甲基菌属Methyloversatilis (0.53%?1.52%)、红杆菌属Rhodobacter (0.09%?1.39%)等. 此外，投加0.16% T1菌剂芽孢杆菌后其含量增至1.97%，表明投加T1降解菌后芽孢杆菌迅速生长并成为优势种群，可强化降解MC-LR.
The microbial characteristics of biodegradation of organic compounds containing nitrogen and microcystin LR (MC-LR) was researched with the biofilm of biological aerated filter (BAF) reactor surface as the research object, by the means of microscopic examination, phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA), high-throughput sequencing and others. The results showed that the microbial community on the biofilm of BAF was extremely rich in the micro-polluted source water of low carbon source, formed the microbial community consists of aerobic bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria and other bacteria. In the first 2 weeks, the microflora on the biofilm had 17 major genera and 6 species. In the 3 to 4 weeks, the microflora will increase to 43 major genera and 14 species. There also were protists such as nematodes, paramecium and daphnia. The dominant species were Sphaerotilus (2.41%?24.58%), Aeromonas (4.16%?12.59%), Cloacibacterium (1.85%?12.39%), Aquabacterium (1.53%?6.76%), Hydrogenophaga (1.12%?5.9%), Methyloversatilis (0.53%?1.52%), Rhodobacter (0.09%?1.39%), etc. In addition, the content of bacillus increased from the initial 0.16% to 1.97% after the addition of T1 degrading bacteria, which showed that bacillus grew rapidly and became dominant population after adding T1 degrading bacteria, thus enhancing the degradation of MC-LR.
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