在理论分析的基础上，以贵州遵义镍钼矿为原料，提出了镍钼矿碱性还原熔炼?水浸提钼的清洁冶金新工艺，考察了Na2CO3用量、温度、还原剂用量、反应时间对镍还原率及钼浸出率的影响，在最优条件下进行了扩大实验. 结果表明，在碱性介质及强还原气氛下，镍钼矿中的镍被还原成高品位镍铁合金，钼转化为可溶性的钼酸盐；最佳工艺条件为Na2CO3用量为理论量的2倍、熔炼温度1000℃、还原剂添加量为镍钼矿的5wt%、反应时间1.5 h. 最佳条件下扩大实验金属镍回收率为94.92%，金属钼挥发率为9.36%，浸出率为99.94%，固硫率接近100%，得到了高品位镍铁合金和含钼浸出液，镍钼有效分离.
The reserves of nickel?molybdenum ore resources are very rich in China. However, the existing processes suffer from lots of shortcomings, such as low recovery rate of valuable metals, environment pollution of sulfur dioxide and large reagent consumption. A new clean metallurgical process that Ni?Mo ore alkaline-reduction smelting and water leaching was proposed in this paper. Under the conditions of alkaline medium and strong reducing atmosphere, nickel in nickel?molybdenum ore was reduced to high grade nickel?iron alloy and molybdenum was converted to soluble molybdate. On the basis of theoretical analysis, a new clean metallurgical process with two steps of alkaline-reduction smelting and water leaching was proposed to recover Mo and Ni from nickel?molybdenum ores adopted from Zunyi city of Guizhou province. The effects of various parameters, including the dosage of sodium carbonate, smelting temperature, the dosage of reducing agent and smelting time, on the direct recovery rate of nickel and leaching rate of molybdenum were investigated by single-factor experiments. Under the optimum conditions, the enlargement experiment was carried out. The results showed that under the conditions of alkaline medium and strong reducing atmosphere, nickel in nickel?molybdenum ore was reduced to high grade nickel?iron alloy while molybdenum was converted to soluble molybdate. The optimum conditions were obtained as follows: the Na2CO3 consumption was double of the theoretical amount, the smelting temperature of 1000℃, the reductant consumption of 5wt% equal to Ni?Mo ore dosage and the reaction time of 90 min. The recovery rate of nickel reached up to 94.92%, the volatilization rate of molybdenum was 9.36%, the leaching rate of molybdenum was 99.94% and the sulfur capture capacity was close to 100%. Finally, nickel?iron alloy and molybdenum leaching solution were obtained and nickel and molybdenum were separated effectively.
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