为研究油酸钠体系中柠檬酸对白云母可浮性的影响规律及其与白云母的作用机理，利用红外光谱(FT-IR)、光电子能谱(XPS)、ζ电位和浮选溶液化学等方法对不同白云母样品进行了表征。结果表明，柠檬酸可明显抑制白云母的可浮性，在矿浆pH值为6、油酸钠浓度为9.20×10–4 mol/L的条件下，使用4.76×10–5 mol/L柠檬酸，白云母的回收率仅为0.40%。柠檬酸抑制白云母的可浮性主要是柠檬酸在溶液中生成的C6H7O7–和C6H6O72–等离子吸附在白云母表面，阻碍了油酸根等离子的吸附，且这些离子的吸附导致白云母表面ζ电位负向增大，削弱了油酸根等离子在白云母表面的静电吸附及化学吸附作用。此外，C6H7O7–和C6H6O72–等离子含羟基等强烈亲水基团，吸附在白云母表面会使白云母表面强烈亲水，白云母的可浮性大大降低。
Citric acid is usually used as an adjustment agent in mineral processing. In order to investigate the effect regularity of citric acid on the floatability of muscovite and the action mechanism of citric acid on muscovite under sodium oleate system, different muscovite samples were characterized by means of FT-IR, flotation solution chemistry, Zeta potential and XPS spectra etc. The results showed that the floatability of muscovite could be obviously inhibited by citric acid. The muscovite recovery rate only reached 0.40% when the concentrations of sodium oleate and citric acid were 9.20×10–4 and 4.76×10–5 mol/L respectively at pH value of 6. The reason for the inhibition of the floatability of the muscovite by citric acid was that citric acid generated C6H7O7– and C6H6O72– etc. in the solution. C6H7O7– and C6H6O72– etc. could adsorb on muscovite surface, then hinder oleate ions adsorbed on muscovite surface, and the collection performance of sodium oleate on muscovite could be weakened. Meanwhile C6H7O7– and C6H6O72– etc. which adsorbed on muscovite surface aroused muscovite surface Zeta potential negative direction increase, this means that the local positive region on the surface of muscovite will decrease, therefore the electrostatic adsorption action and the chemical adsorption of oleate ions on muscovite surface was weakened. Furthermore, these ions were generated by citric acid contained strong hydrophilic groups, and adsorbed on muscovite surface that caused muscovite surface with strong hydrophilicity, this means that the muscovite could be more difficult to float up, hence the floatability of muscovite decreased significantly under the above comprehensive effect. This work can provide a certain theoretical basis for the floatation separation of muscovite, and it can also provide some degree of reference for the selection of adjustment agents in the process of muscovite flotation.
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