以含硅多芳炔化合物(PSA)与1,3,5-三叠氮甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯(TAMTMB)为原料，通过1,3-偶极环加成反应制备了新型含硅聚三唑树脂Si-PTA3，考察了树脂的流变性能、固化行为、热性能及单体配比对其热性能的影响。采用模压法制备了单向T700碳纤维增强的Si-PTA3树脂复合材料T700/Si-PTA3，测定了其力学性能。结果表明，Si-PTA3树脂具有良好的加工性能，可在80℃下固化，耐热性较好；炔基与叠氮基摩尔比为1.1:1.0时树脂固化物的热性能最好，玻璃化转变温度达334℃，在氮气中热失重5%时的温度达351℃；复合材料T700/Si-PTA3常温下的弯曲强度高于1670 MPa，250℃时弯曲强度保留率超过67%。
In recent years, the rapid development of aerospace vehicles urgently needs materials with high temperature resistance, light weight and high strength, which provides a good opportunity for the development of high temperature resistant polymer matrix resins. The polytriazole resin prepared by the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of an azide group and an alkynyl group has excellent heat resistance due to a rigid triazole ring in the main chain. The thermal properties of the polytriazole resin can be further improved by increasing the functionality of the polytriazole resin and the crosslinking density of the cured resin. In this work, a novel polytriazole resins Si-PTA3 were synthesized from silicon-containing multi-aromatic acetylene compounds (PSA) and 1,3,5-triazidemethyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene (TAMTMB) via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. The rheological properties of the Si-PTA3 resins were studied by rotating rheometer, the curing behaviors of the resins were traced by infrared spectra analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, the thermal properties and the effect of mole ratio of monomer on thermal properties were studied by dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. T700 carbon fiber-reinforced Si-PTA3 composites T700/Si-PTA3 were prepared by compression molding, and the mechanical properties of the composites were characterized by a tensile machine. The results showed that Si-PTA3 resins had good processing properties and can be cured at 80℃. The cured resin had excellent thermal properties, the best molar ratio of alkynyl group to azide group was 1.1:1.0, the glass transition temperature (Tg) and 5% weight loss temperature (Td5) reached 334 and 351℃, respectively. With the increase of the alkyne ratio, Tg decreased gradually, and Td5 reached more than 341℃. Composites T700/Si-PTA3 had good mechanical and thermal properties, the flexural strength at ambient temperature was higher than 1670 MPa and their retention rate at 250℃ was more than 67%. The Si-PTA3 resins can be used as a matrix of high temperature resistant resin composites.
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