The valuable minerals of porphyry tin ore in Guangdong province were mainly cassiterite with a small amount of valuable elements such as molybdenum, bismuth, tungsten and copper. Due to the fine grain size of cassiterite, it is disseminated and embedded in gangue minerals, as well as it is extremely difficult to recover cassiterite and the recovery rate in the production process is low. In order to find out the characteristics and occurrences of cassiterite, the technological mineralogy of less than 2 mm raw ore was studied by using the mineral liberation analyzer (MLA), X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer, which were used to identify the mineral composition, disseminated grain size, association and encasing relationship. The results showed that cassiterite was mainly disseminated and embedded in gangue minerals with fine grain size, the maximum particle size was about 0.250 mm, the minimum was 0.001 mm, the size mainly distribution range was 0.020?0.090 mm, the monomer dissociation was only 9.98%, and the connective bodies were mainly associated with quartz and topaz. About 93% of cassiterite (hardness 6.5) was wrapped by or linked with quartz (hardness 7) and topaz (hardness 8), it belonged to the difficult grinding and separating ore, the raw ore was accompanied by a small amount of valuable elements such as molybdenum, bismuth, tungsten and copper. The principle flowsheet could be determined as the priority flotation to recover sulfide ore (molybdenum, bismuth, copper, tungsten), and the narrow-grade particles were reselected to recover cassiterite respectively (or successively). The research results provided important basis for the design of flotation, gravity separation (including spiral chute, shaker and centrifuge) and other combination of beneficiation process.
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