高温口压力是影响气波振荡管制冷性能的重要参数。搭建双开口气波振荡管实验平台，测量了气波振荡管制冷温降随高温口压力的变化，建立了气波振荡管整机分析模型。结果表明，整机温降随高温口压力升高先增加后减小，高温口压力存在最优值。高温口压力较低时，气波振荡管入射气体与管内原有气体的分界面将从振荡管高温口排出，从而使低温口中常温回流气增多，与管内膨胀后的低温入射气体掺混，降低振荡管制冷性能。高温出口压力为0.10和0.14 MPa时，高温口高压气占比分别为7.4%和4.9%，高压气占比随高温口压力提高而降低，有利于制冷性能提高。高温口压力升高促使反向压缩波强度提高，高温口压力为0.11和0.14 MPa时，反向压缩波后压力分别为0.107和0.135 MPa，不利于制冷。入射高压气体与高温侧气体的掺混程度及反向压缩波后的压力影响高温口压力最优值。
The high-temperature port pressure is an important parameter affecting the refrigeration performance of the gas wave oscillation tube. By establishing a double-opening gas wave oscillating tube experimental platform, the relationship between the cooling temperature drop of the gas wave oscillating tube and the high-temperature port pressure was quantitatively measured. In order to analyze the internal mechanism of the phenomenon, an analysis model of the gas wave oscillating tube was established. It was found that the temperature drop of the whole machine increased first and then decreased with the increase of the high-temperature port pressure. The pressure of high-temperature port had the optimal value. When the high-temperature port pressure was low, the interface between the incident gas of the gas wave oscillating tube and the original gas in the tube was discharged from the high-temperature port of the oscillating tube, so that the reflux gas at normal temperature in the low-temperature port increased, and blended with the low-temperature incident gas after expansion in the tube, reducing the cooling performance of the oscillating tube. The simulation results showed that when the high temperature port pressure were 0.10 and 0.14 MPa, the ratio of high-pressure gas in HT to total high-pressure gas was 7.4% and 4.9%, respectively. As the pressure of the high-temperature port increased, the cooling performance was improved. However, the high-temperature port pressure also promoted the increase of the reverse compression wave intensity. The reverse compression wave pressures were 0.107 and 0.135 MPa at high-temperature port pressure of 0.11 and 0.14 MPa, respectively, which was not conducive to refrigeration. Therefore, the blending degree of the incident high pressure gas and the high-temperature side gas and the reverse compression wave pressure were the two factors why the high temperature port pressure had an optimum value.
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