Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) has been widely used in monitoring and measuring gas?liquid?(solid) multiphase flow systems as a fast, non-invasive, radiation-free, simple equipment compared to conventional methods and other tomographic modes. For the gas?liquid?(solid) multiphase flow system, the principle of ERT test was introduced, and the characteristics of ERT and other measurement technologies were analyzed in this work. The three important characteristics and process parameters (flow pattern identification, phase holdup, bubble size and distribution) of ERT were reviewed in detail. Problems to be solved in the application process of ERT technology in the gas?liquid systems were discussed (the standardization of flow pattern identification, the accuracy of identification process parameters, the equalization of time resolution and spatial resolution, etc.). Based on the development trend of ERT technology in the field of multi-phase flow parameter detection and its subsequent research directions, a model based on electrode array optimization, image reconstruction algorithm or 3D/4D field establishment was proposed, which combined the dynamic information and fluid dynamics numerical simulation of industrial process parameters. And ERT's rich flow field information can effectively verify the accuracy of mathematical simulation, real-time monitor and predict industrial processes, and effectively prevent or inhibit the uncertainty of chemical production process. At the same time, it was proposed to use the cross-knowledge between different disciplines to broaden the application fields of ERT, such as fluid mechanics in microscale equipment, biomedical testing diffusion properties of serum in dry tablets, online monitoring and analysis in the field of food processing, etc. As a visualization tool of fluid flow, ERT 2D and 3D real-time visualized flow information deepened the understanding of the complex characteristics of multi-phase flow, realized the purpose of optimizing operating conditions, improving efficiency, reducing costs and overall monitoring of production process, and promoted the application of ERT in chemical industry, petroleum, medicine, environmental monitoring, food processing, mineral flotation, material transportation and other fields.

电阻层析成像(ERT)技术具有快速、非侵入性及可视化的特点，优于常规方法及其它层析成像模式，已在气液(固)多相流动体系中得到广泛应用。本工作以气液(固)多相流动体系为研究对象，介绍了ERT测试工作原理，分析了ERT与其它多相流检测技术的特点，综述了ERT在多相流动3个重要特性和过程参数测量中的应用进展，指出了ERT技术应用过程中需要解决的问题(流型辨识的标准化、识别过程参数的准确性、时间分辨率和空间分辨率均衡化等)。ERT作为流体流动的可视化工具，在优化电极阵列、图像重建算法或建立三维(四维)场模型的基础上，提出了工业过程参数动态信息与流体力学数值模拟相结合的模式，可有效验证数学模拟的准确性，延伸了其应用领域。