油水分离后的测量技术广泛应用于石油开发、污水处理及化学工程等领域。如何实现快速高效的油水分隔，是精密测量领域的关键技术之一。目前，油水分隔器的结构形式较为多样，有必要开展不同分隔器的性能对比和评价研究。采用粒子成像测速技术、分隔性能实验及数值模拟等方法，对三种不同结构水力旋流器的分隔性能进行对比分析，形成了一种用于水平圆管内评价油水两相分隔性能的计算方法。结果表明，螺旋流道和导流叶片式旋流器可使流场的轴心区域形成回流，两种结构存在不同尺寸的零轴向速度包络面。入口雷诺数为6.68×104时，导流叶片结构后端流场的切向速度最大，但随着轴向距离增加，切向速度衰减程度增大，在500 mm轴向长度内切向速度最大值衰减94.05%。螺旋流道结构形成的油核在圆管轴心处体积分数最大，聚集程度更好。为了对不同结构旋流器的分隔性能进行定量评价，以圆管内轴心油核径向聚集程度及轴向的延伸长度为评价指标，形成了圆管内油水分隔效率计算方法。通过对三种结构在不同雷诺数下的分隔效率进行对比，得出螺旋流道结构呈现出了最佳的分隔性能。入口雷诺数在4.14×104~10.7×104范围内增大时，螺旋流道式旋流器的油水分隔效率由16.6%提升至82.1%，高于其他两种结构。分隔效率评价结果与分隔性能实验结果呈现出了相同的规律性，验证了分隔效率评价方法的可行性及准确性。

The particle image velocimetry technology, separation performance experiment and numerical simulation methods of separation performance were applied to analyze the separation performance of three kinds of hydrocyclones. The method for evaluating the performance of oil?water two-phase separation in a horizontal circular pipe was established. The results showed that the helix separator and the diversion vane separator can form axial reflux in a axial central region of the flow field, and there were different locus of zero vertical velocity in the two structures. When the inlet Reynolds number was 6.68×104, although the diversion vane separator formed a rotating flow with the maximum tangential velocity, the attenuation rate of tangential velocity was also the largest, and the value of maximum tangential velocity attenuation rate within the 500 mm length was 94.05%. The oil core formed by the helix separator had a better degree of aggregation with the maximum oil volume fraction at the axis of the pipe. In order to quantitatively evaluate the performance of separators with different structures, the calculation method of oil?water separation efficiency in circular pipe was established by taking the concentration of oil core and the extension length of oil core in the pipe. By comparing the separation efficiency of the three structures under different Reynolds numbers, the helix separator showed the best separation performance. When the inlet Reynolds number increased in the range of 4.14×104~10.7×104, the oil?water separation efficiency of the helix separator increased from 16.6% to 82.1%, which was higher than those of the other two structures. The evaluation results of oil?water separation efficiency showed the consistent regularity as the experimental results, which verified the accuracy of the proposed separation efficiency evaluation method.