人体常见的持续性感染疾病通常与细菌生物膜有关。使抗菌药物高效渗透到细菌生物膜内部并杀伤细菌是治疗细菌生物膜感染的关键。本研究构建了一种具有强渗透性和杀菌性的Pickering乳液。该Pickering乳液以天然抗菌剂丁香油为油相内核，以稳定吸附在油水界面的正电壳聚糖纳米颗粒(CS-NPs)为外壳，通过与负电胞外基质的静电相互作用，实现对细菌生物膜的强渗透。制备的壳聚糖纳米颗粒平均粒径为590.30±3.90 nm，多分散性指数PDI为0.125±0.003，平均电势为15.60±0.40 mV。Pickering乳液平均粒径为2312±53 nm，多分散性指数PDI为0.137±0.013，平均电势为26.45±0.55 mV。细菌生物膜渗透实验与杀菌性能实验表明，该Pickering乳液对细菌生物膜有较强的渗透能力，并能有效地杀伤细菌。该Pickering乳液有望用于治疗人体与细菌生物膜相关的持续性感染。

Bacterial biofilms are closely associated with persistent infections. E?ective penetration of antibacterial drugs is necessary for the treatment of bacterial biofilms. In this study, a nanoparticle-stabilized Pickering emulsion with strong permeability and high antibacterial activity was fabricated for the treatment of bacterial biofilms. This Pickering emulsion was composed of clove oil core and chitosan nanoparticles. The clove oil was used as an antibacterial agent, and the chitosan nanoparticles provided a positively charged shell, which could interact with the negatively charged extracellular matrix to achieve strong penetration through bacterial biofilms. Both of the chitosan nanoparticles and the Pickering emulsion with narrow size distribution and good dispersity were prepared successfully. The average size of chitosan nanoparticles was 590.30±3.90 nm with 0.125±0.003 of polydispersity index (PDI), and the average Zeta potential was 15.60±0.40 mV. The average size of the Pickering emulsion was 2312±53 nm with 0.137±0.013 of PDI, and the average Zeta potential was 26.45±0.55 mV. The experiments of bacterial biofilms penetration and antibacterial test revealed that the Pickering emulsion could effectively penetrate the bacterial biofilms and kill bacteria. Besides, the cytotoxicity test in vitro showed that the Pickering emulsion had good biosafety. All these results indicated that the Pickering emulsion had promising prospects for the treatment of persistent infections associated with bacterial biofilms.