在当前碳达峰与碳中和的背景下，钢铁行业作为CO2排放大户，长期面临着碳减排的巨大压力。因此大力发展具有更低碳排放的电弧炉短流程炼钢将是钢铁行业实现减排的有效措施。但尽管短流程炼钢的碳排放量较长流程炼钢相比大大减少，但其冶炼过程也仍需使用大量的煤炭资源以达到冶炼要求。因此寻找一个合适的碳源替代煤炭用作电弧炉炼钢过程中的渗碳剂和发泡剂对进一步降低电弧炉炼钢碳排放具有重大意义，而生物质资源作为唯一的可再生碳源将会是替代碳源的首选。本综述介绍了国内外各学者多年来对生物质在电弧炉炼钢中的应用的一系列研究，并在此基础上对未来国内电弧炉炼钢应用生物质的研究方向进行了展望。

In the current context of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, the steel industry is under tremendous pressure to reduce carbon emissions in the long term, which is a major emitter of CO2. Therefore, developing electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking with lower carbon emissions will be an effective measure for the steel industry to achieve carbon emission reduction. However, although the carbon emission of EAF steelmaking is greatly lower than that of the traditional "Blast furnace-Converter" long-process steelmaking, it still needs to use a large number of coal resources to meet the smelting requirements. Therefore, using a suitable carbon source to replace coal as a carburizing and foaming agent in EAF steelmaking is of great significance to further reduce carbon emissions from EAF steelmaking. Biomass resources as the only renewable carbon source will be the first choice of alternative carbon sources. In this work, a series of studies on the application of biomass in EAF steelmaking conducted by domestic and international scholars had been introduced and the existing research results were also presented. On this basis, the future research direction of biomass application in domestic EAF steelmaking was prospected.