：随着煤炭间接液化技术在百万吨级商业示范装置上的成功应用，作为其核心设备的费托合成浆态床反应器，涉及气液固三相湍流流动、传热传质及反应，其随反应器直径放大及内构件结构布局的变化而发生改变，进而影响反应器性能的多个复杂过程，导致在反应器设计、放大及操作优化上面临巨大挑战，科研及工业界仍然持续重视。本综述分析了影响浆态床反应器流体力学性能的主要因素，对浆态床反应器的流型、气含率、气泡行为、传热等研究进行了总结。介绍了浆态床反应器核心内构件的结构特点及发展状况，回顾了浆态床在费托合成反应过程中的工业应用历程，并展望了费托合成浆态床的研究趋势。

Coal-to-liquid (CTL) is one of the most promising way to efficiently convert coal into fuels and chemicals promoting the clean and efficient utilization of coal resources. With the successful application of indirect coal liquefaction technology in million-ton commercial demonstration plants, the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis slurry bubble column as its core equipment involves gas-liquid-solid three-phase turbulent flow, heat/mass transfer and reaction that change with the enlargement of the reactor diameter and the structural layout of internals, which in turn affects multiple complex processes of reactor performance, resulting in huge challenges in reactor design, scale-up and operation optimization due to lack of information on hydrodynamics with internals over a wide range of operating conditions of commercial interest. Scientific research and industry still continue to pay attention to it. This work gives a state-of-the-art review of the recent studies on the slurry bubble column for gas-to-liquid Fisher-Tropsch processes. It analyzes the main factors affecting the hydrodynamic performance of slurry bubble column, summaries the research on flow pattern, gas holdup, bubble behavior, and heat transfer, introduces the structural characteristics and development of the internals such as gas distributor, internal filtration, and heat exchanger. The effects of various operating variables, including pressure, temperature, gas velocity, catalyst concentration, and reactor geometry on the hydrodynamic and transport parameters as well as the performance of slurry bubble column are discussed. Unfortunately, little effort has been put on reviewing the experiments and simulations for examining the effect of internals on the performance and hydrodynamics of slurry bubble column for Fischer-Tropsch and significant efforts are still required. The research progresses from basic research to engineering technology of slurry bubble column in coal indirect liquefaction process are reviewed. Perspectives are given on the potential application and future research of slurry bubble column. Process intensification technology using internals to improve the performance and computational fluid dynamics will be the development direction in the future.