在全球气候变化问题日益严重的背景下，推动能源结构转型，减少对化石燃料的依赖，提高新能源的消纳能力，已成为必然趋势，在能源消耗占很大比重的建筑供暖领域更是如此。本工作设计了一种新型的翅片结构方形液腔及重力热管耦合的储能及供暖单元，并通过搭建储热平台对该储能单元的壁温特性、启动特性、传热性能及均温性能进行实验探究。随后，对该单元储放热特性进行综合评价，研究发现，该储能单元中耦合的新型重力热管对储能过程的启动特性、传热特性及均温性能均起到重要作用，其最低传热热阻低至0.018℃/W，最大等效导热系数可达239.15 kW/(m?℃)。最低启动温度仅为56.9℃，最低均温系数可达0.009。单元最大供暖系数可达3.83。该新型储能单元的设计及研究结果对移动式供暖单元及分布式能源的综合利用具有重要参考价值。

As the global climate change issue has been escalating in severity, promoting the transformation of the energy structure has emerged as an irresistible trend. This involves reducing reliance on fossil fuels and enhancing the capacity for new energy consumption, particularly in the field of building heating, which contributes significantly to overall energy consumption. In this work, a solid-liquid phase change/vapor-liquid phase change coupling-based thermal storage heating device is designed, which is essentially a combination of a new type of gravity heat pipe and the phase change material paraffin wax, supplemented by the internal and external heat dissipation fins of the heat dissipation cylinder of the heat dissipation cylinder, enabling the completion of heating through natural convection. The wall temperature characteristics, start-up characteristics, heat transfer performance, and uniform temperature performance of the designed new gravity heat pipe with square liquid cavity are investigated experimentally. Subsequently, the heat storage and release characteristics of the heating unit are studied, and it is concluded that the new gravity heat pipe has good start-up characteristics, heat transfer characteristics, and uniform temperature performance, and its minimum heat transfer thermal resistance can be as low as 0.018℃/W, and the maximum equivalent thermal conductivity is 239.15 kW/(m?℃). The minimum starting temperature is 56.9℃, and the minimum homogeneous temperature coefficient is 0.009. The heating unit has a better heating capacity, with a maximum heating coefficient of 3.83. The design and research results of this new energy storage unit have important reference value for the comprehensive utilization of mobile heating units and distributed energy.