通过热重、元素和XRD分析，研究了新疆吉木萨尔县石长沟矿区油页岩在不同升温速率下的热解特性及热解机理. 结果表明，油页岩中有机质热解生成页岩油和热解煤气的反应主要集中在300~550℃；升温速率从3℃/min增至15℃/min，热解反应向高温区移动，有机质完全热解温度从530℃升至575℃. 油页岩有机质的热解动力学分析显示，升温速率从3℃/min增至15℃/min，直接Arrhenius法计算的有机质热解活化能从243.52 kJ/mol增至257.32 kJ/mol；反应转化率从0.02增至0.97，Friedman法计算的活化能从96.39 kJ/mol增至292.84 kJ/mol.

The thermal decomposition mechanism of Shichanggou oil shale was analyzed by thermogravimetry, ultimate analysis and XRD, and the pyrolysis characteristics of oil shale at different heating rates were studied. The results showed that the organic matter was mainly cracked in the temperature range from 300 to 550℃, which produced shale oil and gases. As the heating rate increased from 3 to 15℃/min, the pyrolysis was shifted to higher temperatures. The final decomposition of organic matter increased from 530 to 575℃. The pyrolysis activation energy of organic matter calculated by direct Arrhenius method increased from 243.52 to 257.32 kJ/mol when the heating rate increased from 3 to 15℃/min. The activation energy of organic matter pyrolysis calculated by Friedman method increased from 96.39 to 292.84 kJ/mol when the conversion rate increased from 0.02 to 0.97.