铜电解液管道结垢研究进展：结垢机理与影响因素

doi:10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.225258

过程工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (9): 948-958.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.225258

铜电解液管道结垢研究进展：结垢机理与影响因素

包向军¹(), 陆松鹏¹, 张璐¹(), 陆树友², 丁淳², 刘家柳¹

^1.安徽工业大学能源与环境学院，安徽马鞍山 243002
^2.安徽铜冠产业技术研究院有限责任公司，安徽铜陵 244000

收稿日期:2025-10-12 修回日期:2026-02-01 出版日期:2026-03-11 发布日期:2026-09-28
通讯作者: 张璐 769305363@qq.com;zhangluneu07@sina.com
作者简介:包向军，副教授，研究方向为能源低碳与智能化，二次资源与能源综合利用，E-mail: 769305363@qq.com；
张璐，讲师，研究方向为能源低碳与智能化，二次资源与能源综合利用，E-mail: zhangluneu07@sina.com
基金资助:
铜陵市科技重大专项(202301JB002);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52204410)

Research progress on fouling in copper electrolyte pipelines: fouling mechanism and influencing factors

Xiangjun BAO¹(), Songpeng LU¹, Lu ZHANG¹(), Shuyou LU², Chun DING², Jialiu LIU¹

^1.School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, China
^2.Anhui Tongguan Industrial Technology Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Tongling, Anhui 244000, China

Received:2025-10-12 Revised:2026-02-01 Online:2026-03-11 Published:2026-09-28
Contact: Lu ZHANG 769305363@qq.com;zhangluneu07@sina.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

(1)分析并讨论了电解铜工业中铜电解液管道结垢的现状、危害及现有研究与技术的不足。

(2)总结了铜电解液管道结垢的核心机理、关键影响因素及边界层特性与结垢的耦合机制。

(3)指出了当前铜电解液管道结垢研究与防垢技术的挑战，并提出未来研究方向。

关键词: 铜电解液, 管道结垢, 边界层理论, 多物理场耦合

Abstract:

(1)The current situation, hazards, and shortcomings of existing research and technologies regarding fouling in copper electrolyte pipelines in the electrolytic copper industry are analyzed and discussed.

(2)The core mechanisms, key influencing factors of fouling in copper electrolyte pipelines, and the coupling mechanism between boundary layer characteristics and fouling are summarized.

(3)The challenges in current research on fouling in copper electrolyte pipelines and fouling prevention technologies are pointed out, and future research directions are proposed.

Key words: copper electrolyte, pipeline fouling, boundary layer theory, multiphysics coupling

中图分类号:

TF811

包向军, 陆松鹏, 张璐, 陆树友, 丁淳, 刘家柳. 铜电解液管道结垢研究进展：结垢机理与影响因素[J]. 过程工程学报, 2026, 26(9): 948-958.

Xiangjun BAO, Songpeng LU, Lu ZHANG, Shuyou LU, Chun DING, Jialiu LIU. Research progress on fouling in copper electrolyte pipelines: fouling mechanism and influencing factors[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering, 2026, 26(9): 948-958.

图/表 8

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Fouling factor	Fouling mechanism	Research progress	Reference
Fluid incompatibility	Incompatibility of chemical properties among different fluids leads to salt precipitation	Confirmed that the mixing ratio of incompatible fluids determines the peak local supersaturation, acting as the primary control factor for rapid chemical precipitation	[10]
Thermodynamic condition change	Changes in temperature, pressure cause a decrease in solubility and salt crystallization	Confirmed via infrared thermography that the radial temperature gradient near the wall creates a local high supersaturation zone, driving crystallization	[11]
Crystallization kinetics	The nucleation and growth rates of crystals are controlled by energy barriers and external conditions	Found that regulating wall surface energy significantly alters the nucleation barrier, extending the crystallization induction period by several times	[12]
Fluid dynamics	Flow velocity and flow pattern affect deposition and wall shear stress	Used computational fluid dynamics models to confirm that optimized wall shear stress effectively removes loose initial deposits but has limited effect on aged, hard scales	[13]
Bacterial corrosion	Microbial activities accelerate corrosion and form biofilms, promoting the accumulation of composite fouling layers	Elucidated that extracellular polymeric substances capture inorganic particles via cation bridging, significantly accelerating the densification of bio-inorganic composite fouling	[14]

Fouling factor	Fouling mechanism	Research progress	Reference
Fluid incompatibility	Incompatibility of chemical properties among different fluids leads to salt precipitation	Confirmed that the mixing ratio of incompatible fluids determines the peak local supersaturation, acting as the primary control factor for rapid chemical precipitation	[10]
Thermodynamic condition change	Changes in temperature, pressure cause a decrease in solubility and salt crystallization	Confirmed via infrared thermography that the radial temperature gradient near the wall creates a local high supersaturation zone, driving crystallization	[11]
Crystallization kinetics	The nucleation and growth rates of crystals are controlled by energy barriers and external conditions	Found that regulating wall surface energy significantly alters the nucleation barrier, extending the crystallization induction period by several times	[12]
Fluid dynamics	Flow velocity and flow pattern affect deposition and wall shear stress	Used computational fluid dynamics models to confirm that optimized wall shear stress effectively removes loose initial deposits but has limited effect on aged, hard scales	[13]
Bacterial corrosion	Microbial activities accelerate corrosion and form biofilms, promoting the accumulation of composite fouling layers	Elucidated that extracellular polymeric substances capture inorganic particles via cation bridging, significantly accelerating the densification of bio-inorganic composite fouling	[14]

铜电解液管道结垢研究进展：结垢机理与影响因素

Research progress on fouling in copper electrolyte pipelines: fouling mechanism and influencing factors

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