以钢渣和助磨剂(乙二醇、三乙醇胺和无水乙醇按体积比1:1:1混合)制备钢渣超细粉，用其对活性炭进行改性处理，获得钢渣改性活性炭，研究了钢渣种类、助磨剂用量和钢渣超细粉用量对钢渣改性活性炭降解甲醛性能的影响，分析了钢渣的化学成分、钢渣超细粉的粒度分布及结构、钢渣改性活性炭的微观结构。结果表明，450 g热闷渣与6 g助磨剂制备的钢渣超细粉用量10 g、活性炭30 g、无水乙醇50 g制备的钢渣改性活性炭具有良好的降解甲醛性能，12 h后甲醛降解率为60.9%。热闷渣中Fe2O3和MnO含量高，有利于甲醛在具有孔结构的活性炭中富集与催化降解；适量的助磨剂可显著减小钢渣超细粉的粒径，改善其粒度分布均匀程度，有利于增加钢渣超细粉与活性炭、甲醛的接触面积；可抵消由于活性炭孔隙率与比表面积降低导致的吸附性能下降，提高钢渣改性活性炭降解甲醛的性能。
关键词：
钢渣; 活性炭; 甲醛; 复合材料; 改性
Steel slag ultrafine powder was prepared with steel slag and grinding aid, it was used to modify activated carbon to obtain steel slag modified activated carbon. The influences of types of steel slag, amount of grinding aid and amount of steel slag ultrafine powder on formaldehyde degradation performance of steel slag modified activated carbon were studied. Chemical composition of steel slag, particle size distribution and structure of steel slag ultrafine powder, and microstructure of steel slag modified activated carbon were characterized by XRF, LPSA, FT-IR, BET and SEM, respectively. The results showed that the steel slag modified activated carbon prepared under the conditions of steel slag was hot braised slag, amount of grinding aid (ethylene glycol, triethanolamine and absolute ethyl alcohol mixed with volume ratio 1:1:1) was 6 g, amount of steel slag ultrafine powder was 10 g, amount of activated carbon was 30 g and amount of absolute ethyl alcohol was 50 g had good formaldehyde degradation performance, degradation rate of formaldehyde after 12 h was 60.9%. The high contents of Fe2O3 and MnO in hot braised slag were conducive to formaldehyde enrichment and catalytic degradation in activated carbon with porous structure. Appropriate amount of grinding aid could significantly reduce the particle size and improve the particle size distribution uniformity of steel slag ultrafine powder, which was beneficial to increase the contact area of steel slag ultrafine powder, activated carbon and formaldehyde. Appropriate amount of steel slag ultrafine powder could offset activated carbon adsorption performance decline due to the decrease of porosity and specific surface area, improve the formaldehyde degradation performance of steel slag modified activated carbon.
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